Formulation of soap using oryza sativa

Authors

  • N. Kumara Swamy 1Ⅳ/Ⅳ B.Pharmacy, Koringa College of Pharmacy, Koringi, Kakinada District, A.P-533461
  • Naga Subrahmanyam S Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Koringa College of Pharmacy, Koringi, Kakinada District, A.P-533461
  • Suvarna Jyothi Navuduri Professor and Principal, Koringa College of Pharmacy, Koringi, Kakinada District, A.P-533461

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37022/jpmhs.v8i3.150

Keywords:

Rice water soap, Herbal soap, Antioxidant activity, Skin health

Abstract

An imbalance between antioxidants and free radicals in the body can lead to oxidative stress, triggering various degenerative diseases. One preventive measure is maintaining skin health through proper cleansing. However, commercial synthetic soaps, often used for skin whitening, contain harsh chemicals, artificial fragrances, and colors that may strip the skin’s natural oils, disrupt its pH balance, and cause allergic reactions or infections over time. To address these issues, a natural soap was developed using rice water, known for detoxifying and nourishing skin with vitamins. The soap is made from easily available natural ingredients such as rice milk, shea butter, almond oil, lavender, potato, soap base, coconut oil, and cocoa butter. Herbal soaps, like this rice-based variant, are rich in antioxidants and offer benefits such as moisturizing, brightening, exfoliating, anti-aging properties, and fewer side effects. They are also environmentally friendly and cruelty-free. The soap was evaluated through tests on skin irritation, foam retention, moisture content, and pH levels. The study concludes that the demand for natural and herbal soaps is increasing due to their effectiveness and safety compared to synthetic alternatives, with consumers preferring herbal options for their skin-friendly and eco-conscious benefits.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Proksch, E., Brandner, J. M., & Jensen, J. M. (2008). The skin: An indispensable barrier. Experimental Dermatology, 17(12), 1063–1072. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2008.00786.x

Madison, K. C. (2003). Barrier function of the skin: “La Raison d’Être” of the epidermis. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 121(2), 231–241. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12359.x

Elias, P. M. (2005). Stratum corneum defensive functions: An integrated view. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 125(2), 183–200. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23694.x

Krutmann, J., Liu, W., Li, L., Pan, X., Crawford, M., Sore, G., & Seite, S. (2014). Pollution and skin: From epidemiological and mechanistic studies to clinical implications. Journal of Dermatological Science, 76(3), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2014.08.008.

Lodén, M., & Wessman, C. (2001). The influence of a cream soap and a conventional soap on skin barrier function and skin hydration. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 23(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2001.00099.x.

Ananthapadmanabhan, K. P., Moore, D. J., Subramanyan, K., Misra, M., & Meyer, F. (2004). Cleansing without compromise: The impact of cleansers on the skin barrier and the technology of mild cleansing. Dermatologic Therapy, 17, 16–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1396-0296.2004.04S1002.x

Fitzgerald, M. A., McCouch, S. R., & Hall, R. D. (2009). Not just a grain of rice: The quest for quality. Trends in Plant Science, 14(3), 133–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2008.12.004

Irani, M., Sarmadi, M., & Etemadi, N. (2014). Rice water as a cosmetic ingredient: Traditional uses and scientific evidence. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 65(4), 223–232.

Sarma, A. D., Mallick, A. R., & Ghosh, A. K. (2018). Nutritional and antioxidant potential of rice bran and its utilization in cosmetic formulations. Journal of Oleo Science, 67(9), 1205–1215. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess18094

10.Ah-Hen, K., Vega-Gálvez, A., Lemus-Mondaca, R., Moraga, N. O., & Munoz, A. (2012). Influence of drying temperature on the microstructure, colour, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and nutritional composition of potato flour. Food Chemistry, 133(4), 1233–1240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.088

Yadav, A., Kumari, R., Yadav, A., Mishra, J. P., Srivatva, S., & Prabha, S. (2016). Antioxidants and its functions in human body - A review. Research in Environment and Life Sciences, 9(11), 1328–1336.

Ezekiel, R., Singh, N., Sharma, S., & Kaur, A. (2013). Beneficial phytochemicals in potato—A review. Food Research International, 50(2), 487–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.04.025

Afoakwa, E. O., Paterson, A., Fowler, M., & Ryan, A. (2008). Flavor formation and character in cocoa and chocolate: A critical review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 48(9), 840–857. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408390701719272

Komes, D., Belščak-Cvitanović, A., Horžić, D., Rusak, G., Likić, S., & Berendika, M. (2013). Phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of cocoa beans. Food Research International, 53(1), 964–970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.07.043

15.Fluhr, J. W., Darlenski, R., & Surber, C. (2008). Glycerol and the skin: Holistic approach to its origin and functions. British Journal of Dermatology, 159(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08643.x

16. Cavanagh, H. M. A., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2002). Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 16(4), 301–308. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1103

17. Prashar, A., Locke, I. C., & Evans, C. S. (2004). Cytotoxicity of lavender oil and its major components to human skin cells. Cell Proliferation, 37(3), 221–229.

18. Djenane, D., Yangüela, J., Roncalés, P., & Aider, M. (2012). Use of lavender essential oil as a natural preservative in raw beef patties stored at 4 °C. Food Science and Technology International, 18(5), 467–474. https://doi.org/10.1177/1082013211433076

19. Thiele, J. J., Hsieh, S. N., & Ekanayake-Mudiyanselage, S. (2005). Vitamin E: Critical review of its current use in cosmetic and clinical dermatology. Dermatologic Surgery, 31(7 Pt 2), 805–813. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2005.31725

20. Ekanayake-Mudiyanselage, S., Hamburger, M., Elsner, P., & Thiele, J. J. (2005). Distribution of vitamin E in human skin: Effect of topical application. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 125(4), 693–699. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23858.x

21. Kaur, C. D., & Saraf, S. (2011). In vitro sun protection factor determination of herbal oils used in cosmetics. Pharmacognosy Research, 3(1), 22–25. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.79196

Published

2025-10-12

How to Cite

N, K. S., N. S. S, and S. J. Navuduri. “Formulation of Soap Using Oryza Sativa”. UPI Journal of Pharmaceutical, Medical and Health Sciences, vol. 8, no. 3, Oct. 2025, pp. 33-38, doi:10.37022/jpmhs.v8i3.150.

Issue

Section

Review Article(s)

Citations