MIGRAINE THERAPY : CURRENT AND EMERGING TREATMENT STRATEGIES
Keywords:
Migraine, CGRP antagonists, Triptans, Preventive therapy, Acute treatment, Monoclonal antibodiesAbstract
Migraine is a chronic, recurrent neurological disorder characterized by moderate to severe headache attacks often associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. It affects approximately 15% of the global population and significantly impairs quality of life, work productivity, and social functioning. Migraine is classified into migraine with aura and migraine without aura, with varying pathophysiological mechanisms. Recent advances in understanding migraine neurobiology-particularly the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-have transformed treatment strategies. Traditional therapies such as NSAIDs, triptans, and ergot derivatives remain widely used; however, newer therapies including CGRP monoclonal antibodies, gepants, and ditans have expanded therapeutic options. This review provides a comprehensive overview of migraine types, risk factors, pathophysiology, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, newly approved therapies, limitations, challenges, and future strategies in migraine management.
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