Exploring the Nutritional Composition and Multifunctional Health Benefits of Littoraria Pallescens from Estuarine Mangroves
Keywords:
Littoraria pallescens, nutritional value, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic activity, anticancer activityAbstract
The increasing global prevalence of chronic diseases such as cancer and diabetes, often linked to oxidative stress, underscores the need for novel, safe, and effective therapeutic agents from natural sources. This study evaluated the nutritional content, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties of the estuarine gastropod Littoraria pallescens. Specimens were collected from the mangrove regions of the Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary, India, and identified through molecular analysis of the mtCO1 gene, which revealed high genetic similarity with other L. pallescens isolates. Nutritional analysis of muscle tissue indicated high moisture (78.29 g/100 g) and protein (15.62 g/100 g) content, with moderate levels of carbohydrates, lipids, and minerals. Methanolic extracts of L. pallescens exhibited significant, concentration-dependent antioxidant activity, as evidenced by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, superoxide, and nitric oxide scavenging assays, with the highest efficacy observed in nitric oxide inhibition (EC₅₀: 3.03 mg/ml). The extract also demonstrated notable antidiabetic potentials: glucose adsorption, hemoglobin glycosylation inhibition, glucose diffusion retardation, glucose uptake by yeast, and α-amylase inhibition all increased with extract concentration. EC₅₀ values ranged from 5.56 to 10.46 mg across these assays. Furthermore, the extract showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and HL-60 cell lines, with IC₅₀ values of 11.86 mg and 8.67 mg, respectively, indicating a higher sensitivity in HL-60 cells. Collectively, these findings highlight L. pallescens as a promising source of bioactive compounds with nutritional, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties for potential pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
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